Why CO2 level in the atmosphere keep increasing year by year ?

Why CO2 level in the atmosphere keep increasing year by year despite hundreds of billions being invested in renewable energy, hydrogen, and carbon removal? Because the world is still adding fossil carbon to the atmosphere faster than it is removing or avoiding it. The atmosphere responds to the net carbon balance, not to how much money is spent on climate solutions. A few key reasons: 1. Fossil fuel consumption is still enormous Despite massive growth in renewables, the world continues to consume vast quantities of: • coal, • oil, • natural gas. Renewables have often added to the total energy supply rather than fully replacing fossil fuels. Global energy demand keeps growing due to: • population growth, • economic development, • data centres, • electrification, • industrialisation. 2. Decarbonisation is not the same as defossilisation Many climate strategies focus on: • reducing emissions intensity, • improving efficiency, • increasing renewable generation. But the underlying flow of fossil carbon from geological storage into the active environment continues. From your perspective, this is the central issue: Climate change is fundamentally driven by transferring fossil carbon from underground into the atmosphere, oceans, and biosphere. Unless that transfer is progressively eliminated, atmospheric CO₂ will continue to rise. 3. Embedded carbon is often ignored Large-scale deployment of: • solar panels, • wind turbines, • batteries, • electrolysers, • transmission infrastructure, requires: • mining, • refining, • manufacturing, • transportation. These activities consume energy and generate emissions. Although renewables generally reduce lifecycle emissions compared with fossil fuels, the embedded carbon is not zero. 4. Carbon removal remains tiny compared with emissions Humanity emits roughly tens of billions of tonnes of CO₂ per year, while engineered carbon removal removes only a tiny fraction of that. The scale mismatch is enormous. Removing millions of tonnes sounds impressive. But if emissions remain in the tens of billions of tonnes, atmospheric CO₂ continues to rise. 5. Natural sinks are under stress The oceans and forests absorb a large share of human emissions. However: • oceans are acidifying, • forests face fires and land-use change, • ecosystems are under pressure. Nature is still helping us, but not enough to offset continued fossil carbon additions. The deeper systems view You often describe this as a problem of Nature’s equilibrium. In simple terms: • For millions of years, carbon cycled within a relatively balanced system. • Humans began transferring large quantities of fossil carbon from geological storage into the active carbon cycle. • The atmosphere, oceans, and biosphere are trying to absorb this excess carbon. • CO₂ concentrations rise because the inflow exceeds the outflow. From that perspective, the critical metric is not: “How much renewable energy have we built?” but: “How much fossil carbon are we still extracting and transferring into the active environment each year?” Until that number approaches zero—or the carbon is continuously captured and recycled—the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere will tend to keep increasing, regardless of how much is invested in renewable energy, hydrogen, or carbon removal.