CEWT Technology Portfolio Sheet

CEWT Technology Portfolio Sheet Clean Energy and Water Technologies Pty Ltd (CEWT) Carbon Recycling • Renewable Fuels • Energy Security Core Platform Carbon Recycling Technology (CRT): A platform that combines captured CO₂ and renewable hydrogen to create renewable fuels, dispatchable energy, and industrial decarbonisation solutions. Technology Portfolio Renewable Fuels • Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) • e-Methanol • Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) • e-Gasoline and synthetic fuels Energy Systems • Dispatchable low-carbon power generation • CRT-Trigen systems for data centres • Combined heat, power, and cooling solutions Industrial Decarbonisation • Steel and DRI applications • Refineries and petrochemicals • Process industry carbon recycling • Carbon utilisation and circular carbon systems Business Model • Technology licensing • Process integration and system architecture • Strategic partnerships • Project development support • Engineering and commercialisation pathways Vision Transform captured carbon from a waste stream into a renewable resource by creating circular carbon pathways that support energy security, industrial competitiveness, and net-zero objectives.

CEWT's Strategic road map using CRT Platform

CEWT Strategic Note: Integration of Low-Carbon Liquid Fuels into CRT Summary Carbon Recycling Technology (CRT) is fundamentally a carbon-recycling platform rather than a single-fuel technology. Its core principle is the combination of captured CO₂ and renewable hydrogen to create valuable products while maintaining a circular carbon economy. Current CRT Focus • Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) / Synthetic Methane • Dispatchable low-carbon power generation • Data-centre Trigen systems • Industrial decarbonisation and energy security Potential Low-Carbon Liquid Fuel Pathways 1. e-Methanol – produced from captured CO₂ and renewable hydrogen; suitable for shipping fuel and chemical feedstock. 2. Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) – produced through downstream conversion pathways; supported by strong government incentives globally. 3. e-Gasoline – produced through methanol-to-gasoline pathways using existing liquid-fuel infrastructure. Strategic Implications for CEWT The CRT platform can be expanded beyond RNG to include a portfolio of renewable fuels. This supports CEWT’s evolution from a project developer into a technology licensor, systems integrator, and promoter of carbon recycling solutions. Future CEWT Product Portfolio • Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) • e-Methanol • Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) • e-Gasoline • Dispatchable power and trigeneration systems • Industrial carbon recycling solutions Long-Term Vision CEWT can position itself as a Carbon Recycling and Renewable Fuels Platform Company. Rather than treating carbon as waste, CRT keeps carbon circulating within the economy by converting captured CO₂ into renewable fuels, energy, and industrial products. Recommended Near-Term Actions • Maintain primary focus on RNG and methanation projects. • Continue engagement with methanation licensors. • Explore e-Methanol, SAF, and e-Gasoline as future licensing and commercialisation pathways. • Incorporate low-carbon liquid fuels into CEWT’s technology roadmap and corporate profile.

Carbon Recycling Technology - the core concept in graphics.

Carbon Recycling Technology (CRT) Carbon Recycling Technology (CRT) creates a closed carbon loop. Natural gas is used to generate electricity in a gas turbine, and the resulting carbon dioxide (CO₂) is captured before it enters the atmosphere. Renewable hydrogen, produced using clean electricity, is then combined with the captured CO₂ to recreate methane (CH₄), the same fuel used by the turbine. In this process, the carbon atom is continuously recycled rather than released as waste. The energy comes from renewable hydrogen, while carbon acts as a reusable carrier moving around the loop again and again. CRT does not create free energy and does not rely on permanently storing CO₂ underground. Instead, it transforms CO₂ from a waste product into a valuable resource, enabling reliable power generation while greatly reducing dependence on new fossil fuels. In simple terms: Capture the CO₂ → Add renewable hydrogen → Recreate the fuel → Generate power again. Hydrogen provides the energy. Carbon provides the recyclable carrier.

CEWT's process to produce caustic soda/ Soda ash and derivatives directly from the seawater

CEWT Seawater-to-Chemicals Technology The global chlor-alkali industry depends heavily on high-purity crystalline salt produced from solar evaporation ponds. Modern caustic soda plants, with capacities ranging from several hundred to several thousand tonnes per day, require vast quantities of salt as feedstock for the production of caustic soda, chlorine, and hydrogen. However, increasing climate variability, erratic monsoon patterns, extreme rainfall events, and changing weather conditions are creating growing uncertainty in salt production regions. These disruptions can affect both salt availability and pricing, leading to higher production costs and supply-chain risks for chlor-alkali manufacturers. The impact extends far beyond the chemical sector. Industries dependent on caustic soda, chlorine, and related products—including aluminium refining, mineral processing, pulp and paper, detergents, glass manufacturing, water treatment, and numerous downstream chemical industries—are increasingly exposed to feedstock price volatility and supply uncertainty. CEWT’s proprietary seawater-processing technology offers an alternative pathway. Using a combination of Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO), Electrodialysis (ED), and proprietary process integration, CEWT can directly produce valuable industrial chemicals from seawater, including: • Caustic Soda (NaOH) • Chlorine (Cl₂) • Hydrogen (H₂) • Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃) • Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) By reducing dependence on solar-evaporated salt production, the technology has the potential to provide a more stable and climate-resilient supply of critical industrial chemicals while leveraging one of the world’s most abundant natural resources: seawater. The approach offers potential benefits in: • Supply-chain resilience • Reduced dependence on salt harvesting • Improved feedstock security • Climate-change adaptation • Strategic industrial self-sufficiency • Integration with desalination and water-treatment infrastructure As global demand for industrial chemicals continues to grow, technologies that decouple production from increasingly vulnerable raw-material supply chains may become an important component of future industrial sustainability and resource security strategies. This framing is likely to resonate with chemical companies, aluminium refiners, investors, and government agencies because it focuses on resource security and climate resilience, which are becoming major strategic concerns.

Why CO2 level in the atmosphere keep increasing year by year ?

Why CO2 level in the atmosphere keep increasing year by year despite hundreds of billions being invested in renewable energy, hydrogen, and carbon removal? Because the world is still adding fossil carbon to the atmosphere faster than it is removing or avoiding it. The atmosphere responds to the net carbon balance, not to how much money is spent on climate solutions. A few key reasons: 1. Fossil fuel consumption is still enormous Despite massive growth in renewables, the world continues to consume vast quantities of: • coal, • oil, • natural gas. Renewables have often added to the total energy supply rather than fully replacing fossil fuels. Global energy demand keeps growing due to: • population growth, • economic development, • data centres, • electrification, • industrialisation. 2. Decarbonisation is not the same as defossilisation Many climate strategies focus on: • reducing emissions intensity, • improving efficiency, • increasing renewable generation. But the underlying flow of fossil carbon from geological storage into the active environment continues. From your perspective, this is the central issue: Climate change is fundamentally driven by transferring fossil carbon from underground into the atmosphere, oceans, and biosphere. Unless that transfer is progressively eliminated, atmospheric CO₂ will continue to rise. 3. Embedded carbon is often ignored Large-scale deployment of: • solar panels, • wind turbines, • batteries, • electrolysers, • transmission infrastructure, requires: • mining, • refining, • manufacturing, • transportation. These activities consume energy and generate emissions. Although renewables generally reduce lifecycle emissions compared with fossil fuels, the embedded carbon is not zero. 4. Carbon removal remains tiny compared with emissions Humanity emits roughly tens of billions of tonnes of CO₂ per year, while engineered carbon removal removes only a tiny fraction of that. The scale mismatch is enormous. Removing millions of tonnes sounds impressive. But if emissions remain in the tens of billions of tonnes, atmospheric CO₂ continues to rise. 5. Natural sinks are under stress The oceans and forests absorb a large share of human emissions. However: • oceans are acidifying, • forests face fires and land-use change, • ecosystems are under pressure. Nature is still helping us, but not enough to offset continued fossil carbon additions. The deeper systems view You often describe this as a problem of Nature’s equilibrium. In simple terms: • For millions of years, carbon cycled within a relatively balanced system. • Humans began transferring large quantities of fossil carbon from geological storage into the active carbon cycle. • The atmosphere, oceans, and biosphere are trying to absorb this excess carbon. • CO₂ concentrations rise because the inflow exceeds the outflow. From that perspective, the critical metric is not: “How much renewable energy have we built?” but: “How much fossil carbon are we still extracting and transferring into the active environment each year?” Until that number approaches zero—or the carbon is continuously captured and recycled—the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere will tend to keep increasing, regardless of how much is invested in renewable energy, hydrogen, or carbon removal.